Many people believe that good fortune results in suffering, but the elders hold another view — only evil deeds result in evil. Those who do not sin are not punished, but evil breeds more evil. Insolence and arrogant pride are resented by the gods and bring down retribution on man. The blessings of happiness are given to the righteous — those who value honor and justice and lead humble lives.

Analysis

These verses preceding the entrance of Agamemnon are made up of reflections on sin, retribution, and justice, all illustrated by reference to the fate of the Trojans. These moral laws are universal, however, and apply also to Agamemnon. No one can escape the wrath of the gods if he has sinned. Agamemnon is already guilty of serious misdeeds and in the next scene will commit one last great sin. This ode is thus a prediction and explanation of his downfall.